Okhazikitsa zitseko zokha nthawi zambiri amasankha ukadaulo wolakwika wa sensa yoyenda pa malo oyika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziyambe kusokonekera, kuzizindikira molakwika, kapena kulephera kwa sensa msanga. Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito sensa ya PIR (passive infrared) poyika panja kapena posungira zinthu zozizira, pomwe kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa thupi kumachepa ndipo sensayo imalephera kuzindikira kapena kupanga zinthu zoyambitsa zolakwika kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe. Kusankha sensa koyenera kumafuna kumvetsetsa kufananiza kwaukadaulo kwa 6-dimension pakati pa masensa a microwave, PIR, ndi AIR.

Bukuli likusintha chisankho cha okhazikitsa zitseko zokha, ophatikiza makina, ndi magulu ogula mapulojekiti. Limagwiritsa ntchito Ningbo Yufan Beifan Automatic Door Co., Ltd. ya zaka zoposa 15.zinthuluso lopanga makina ogwiritsira ntchito zitseko zokha komanso masensa, kuphatikizapo bwalo la ndege, chipatala, malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, nyumba yosungiramo katundu, ndi malo ogulitsira zinthu.

Kodi Ma Microwave ndi Infrared Motion Sensors Amatanthauza Chiyani pa Zitseko Zokha?

Masensa oyendera ma microwave amatulutsa chizindikiro cha microwave cha 24.125 GHz (mafupipafupi omwe amaperekedwa ku mafakitale, sayansi, ndi zamankhwala) ndipo amazindikira mayendedwe kutengera kusintha kwa mafupipafupi a Doppler kwa chizindikiro chowonetsedwa. Chinthu chikasuntha kupita kapena kuchoka pa sensa, kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro chowonetsedwa kumasunthidwa molingana ndi liwiro la chinthucho. Sensa imazindikira kusintha kwa mafupipafupi kumeneku ndikuyambitsa chitseko chodziyimira chokha. Masensa a microwave amatha kuzindikira mayendedwe kudzera m'zinthu zambiri zomwe si zachitsulo (pulasitiki, galasi, matabwa, drywall) ndipo sakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa malo, chinyezi, kapena kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji.

Masensa a Passive infrared (PIR) amazindikira kuwala kwa infrared komwe kumachokera ku matupi ofunda omwe akubwera pakhomo. Sensayi ili ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi pyroelectric chomwe chimapanga magetsi akakumana ndi kuwala kwa infrared komwe kuli pakati pa 8-14 µm wavelength, komwe ndi kutalika kwa kutalika komwe kumachokera ku matupi a anthu. Masensa a PIR amafuna kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa thupi pakati pa munthu woyandikira ndi kumbuyo kuti ayambe kuyambitsa. Masensa a PIR sakhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya koma amatha kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, ma air vent otenthetsera, ndi kusintha kwa kutentha mwachangu.

Masensa a Active Infrared (AIR) amagwiritsa ntchito ma emitter awiri ndi receiver. Emitter imawonetsa kuwala kwa infrared kupita ku receiver, ndipo receiver imazindikira kusokonekera kwa kuwala ndi chinthu. Masensa a AIR nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masensa achitetezo pakhomo la chitseko kuti azindikire kukhalapo kwa munthu kapena chinthu panthawi yotseka chitseko, zomwe zimaletsa chitseko kutseka pa chopinga. Sensa ya Ningbo Yufan Beifan M-254 imaphatikiza PIR (activation) + AIR (safety) ya zitseko zodziyimira zokha zamkati.

Matrix Yoyerekeza Zaukadaulo ya 6-Dimension

Matrix yoyerekeza ya magawo 6 pansipa ikufotokoza zaukadaulo wothandiza wa ukadaulo wa masensa atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukhazikitsa zitseko zokha. Gawo lililonse ndi muyezo woyezeka womwe umakhudza kusankha kwa sensa.

Matrix ya magawo 6 ikuwonetsa kuti palibe ukadaulo umodzi wa sensa womwe ndi wabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Masensa a microwave amachita bwino kwambiri panja, posungira zinthu zozizira, komanso m'malo opangira mafakitale komwe PIR imalephera. Masensa a PIR amachita bwino kwambiri m'malo amkati komwe kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa thupi kumakhala kodalirika komanso choyambitsa cholakwika kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe chimakhala chochepa. Masensa a mpweya ndi ofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito matabwa achitetezo pakhomo. Pazitseko zambiri zodziyikira zokha, kasinthidwe kabwino ndi sensa ya PIR kapena microwave + sensa yachitetezo cha AIR.

Kusiyana kwa nthawi yoyankhira ndikofunikira kwambiri pa masensa oyambitsa. Masensa a microwave amayankha mu 50-100 ms, zomwe zimakhala mofulumira kuposa masensa a PIR (200-500 ms). Pa zitseko zodziyimira zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi magalimoto ambiri (bwalo la ndege, khomo lolowera kuchipatala), nthawi yoyankhira mwachangu ya masensa a microwave imachepetsa kuchedwa kwa kutsegula zitseko komwe kumawoneka. Pa zitseko zodziyimira zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi magalimoto ochepa (nyumba yaofesi, khomo lolowera m'nyumba), nthawi yoyankhira ya PIR ndi yokwanira. Sensa ya Ningbo Yufan Beifan M-254 imaphatikiza PIR (kuyambitsa) ndi nthawi yoyankhira mwachangu pamakina okhazikitsa magalimoto ambiri mkati.

Zochitika 5 Zoyikira: Bwalo la Ndege / Chipatala / Malo Osungira Zinthu Zozizira / Panja / Mafakitale

Zochitika zisanu zokhazikika zomwe zili pansipa zikufotokoza malo oyambira ogwiritsira ntchito masensa oyenda a microwave ndi infrared m'zitseko zodziyimira zokha. Zochitika zilizonse zimadziwika ndi ukadaulo wovomerezeka wa sensa, malo omangira, ndi zoletsa zachilengedwe.

Zinthu 5zi zikufotokoza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Pa bwalo la ndege, phiko lamkati limagwiritsa ntchito PIR (yolamulidwa ndi nyengo) ndipo phiko lakunja limagwiritsa ntchito microwave (kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mvula). Pachipatala, PIR ndi yokhazikika chifukwa khonde limayendetsedwa ndi nyengo ndipo kutentha kwa thupi ndi kodalirika. Pa malo ozizira osungira, microwave ndi yofunikira chifukwa PIR imalephera kutentha pansi pa 0°C. Panja ndi m'mafakitale, microwave ndi yokhazikika chifukwa PIR imakhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, kusintha kwa kutentha mwachangu, ndi EMI ya mafakitale.

Malo oikirapo ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa sensa. Masensa oikidwa padenga (kutalika kwa 2.5-3 m) amapereka chithandizo chachikulu chozindikira ndipo amapewa kutsekedwa ndi zinthu zodutsa. Masensa oikidwa pakhoma (kutalika kwa 1.5-2 m) amapereka chidziwitso cholunjika bwino polowera. Sensa ya Ningbo Yufan Beifan M-254 idapangidwira kuyika padenga kapena pakhoma yokhala ndi ngodya yosinthika komanso kuya.

4 Zochitika: Kusankha Masensa mu Kukhazikitsa Kwenikweni

Kafukufuku anayi enieni akusonyeza momwe masensa oyendera a microwave ndi infrared amagwiritsidwira ntchito molondola komanso molakwika m'zitseko zodziyimira zokha. Mzere uliwonse umasonyeza malo oyikamo, sensa yomwe yasankhidwa, ndi momwe zotsatira zake zimagwirira ntchito.

Nkhani 1: Phiko la Malo Ochitira Ndege (Ntchito Yolondola)

Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu ku bwalo la ndege ku Ulaya ili ndi zitseko zodziyimira zokha pakhomo lolowera mkati (lolamulidwa ndi nyengo) ndi pa phiko lakunja (dzuwa lachindunji). Chowunikira choyatsira cha phiko lakunja ndi chowunikira cha microwave (24.125 GHz, mtunda wa mamita 5) choyikidwa pamtunda wa mamita 2.5. Chowunikira choyatsira cha khomo lolowera mkati ndi chowunikira cha PIR (mtunda wa mamita 4) choyikidwa pamtunda wa mamita 2. Chowunikira chitetezo ndi nyali yoteteza mpweya pakhomo. Zotsatira zake zimakhala kuyatsa nthawi zonse m'malo onse awiri popanda zoyambitsa zabodza kuchokera ku dzuwa kapena nyengo.

Nkhani 2: Malo Osungira Zinthu Zozizira (Ntchito Yolondola)

Malo opangira chakudya ali ndi zitseko zokha pakhomo lolowera kusungirako zinthu zozizira (kutentha kozungulira -25°C). Sensa yoyatsira ndi sensa ya microwave (24.125 GHz, mamita 3) yokhazikika pamtunda wa mamita 2.5 ndi ngodya yozindikira yomwe yaikidwa madigiri 30 kuti ipewe zoyambitsa zabodza kuchokera m'zipinda zosungirako zozizira zapafupi. Sensa yoyatsira ndi nyali yoteteza mpweya yomwe ili pakhomo lolowera ndipo cholandirira chimatenthedwa kuti chisalowe ndi madzi. Zotsatira zake ndi kuyatsa nthawi zonse komanso chitetezo pamalo osungiramo zinthu zozizira.

Nkhani 3: Khonde la Chipatala (Ntchito Yolondola)

Khonde la chipatala lili ndi zitseko zodziyimira zokha pakati pa malo oyembekezera ndi chipinda chosungiramo zinthu (cholamulidwa ndi nyengo, 22°C). Sensa yoyatsira ndi sensa ya PIR (yomwe ili pamtunda wa mamita 4) yokhazikika pamtunda wa mamita 2 ndi ngodya yozindikira yomwe imayikidwa madigiri 90. Sensa yoyatsira chitetezo ndi nyali yoteteza mpweya yomwe ili pakhomo la chitseko. Zotsatira zake zimakhala kuyatsa kosalekeza popanda zoyambitsa zabodza kuchokera ku ma vents a HVAC kapena magetsi a khonde.

Nkhani 4: Nyumba Yosungiramo Zinthu Zakunja Yokhala ndi PIR (Ntchito Yolakwika)

Kukhazikitsa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu kunagwiritsa ntchito masensa a PIR pa zitseko zodziyimira pawokha zakunja. Masensa a PIR anali ndi zoyambitsa zabodza padzuwa lamphamvu masiku otentha (PIR inazindikira pamwamba pa chitseko chachitsulo chofunda ngati chosiyanitsa kutentha kwa thupi). Wokhazikitsayo anasintha kugwiritsa ntchito masensa a microwave ndipo anabwezeretsa mphamvu yodalirika. Phunziro ndilakuti PIR ndi ya malo olamulidwa ndi nyengo mkati, ndipo kukhazikitsa panja kumafuna masensa a microwave.

Kutsatira malamulo a EN 16005 ndi ANSI BHMA A156.10

EN 16005 (muyezo wa ku Europe wa zitseko zoyenda pansi zoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi) ndi ANSI BHMA A156.10 (muyezo wa ku America wa zitseko zoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi) zimatchula zofunikira zachitetezo pakukhazikitsa zitseko zokha. Miyezo yonse iwiri imafuna sensa yotetezera pakhomo kuti izindikire kupezeka kwa munthu kapena chinthu panthawi yotseka chitseko. Sensa yotetezera iyenera kukhala ukadaulo wogwira ntchito wa infrared (AIR) kapena ukadaulo wofanana womwe umazindikira chinthucho ngakhale chinthucho chitakhala chosasunthika.

EN 16005 imanena kuti sensa yoyatsira ikhoza kukhala ya microwave, infrared, kapena ukadaulo wina, koma sensa yotetezera iyenera kukhala yochokera ku infrared kapena yofanana nayo. Muyezowu umanenanso za kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira sensa yotetezeka, nthawi yoyankhira, ndi njira yoyesera. Pa zitseko zodziyimira zokha m'njira zothawira (zotulukira pamoto), EN 16005 ili ndi zofunikira zina zowonjezera pakuchuluka kwa sensa yotetezeka komanso kugwira ntchito kosalephera.

ANSI BHMA A156.10 imafotokoza zofunikira zofanana pamsika waku America. Muyezo umafuna kuti sensa yotetezera izizindikira munthu amene wayima pakhomo kwa masekondi osachepera 30, ndipo chitsekocho chiyenera kubwerera m'mbuyo kapena kuyima mkati mwa masekondi awiri kuchokera pamene chapezeka. Muyezo umafunanso kuti sensa yotetezera iziyesedwa chaka chilichonse ndi chinthu choyesera chokhazikika. Ningbo Yufan Beifan imapereka masensa omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za EN 16005 ndi ANSI BHMA A156.10 monga muyezo.

Mavuto 5 Omwe Amadziwika Posankha Masensa Oyenda

Mavuto asanu amaonekera mobwerezabwereza posankha sensa yoyendera ya zitseko zokha. Chilichonse n'chosavuta kupewa pokonzekera ndipo chimadula kukonza mutakhazikitsa.

Vuto 1: Kugwiritsa Ntchito PIR Pokhazikitsa Malo Osungira Zinthu Panja Kapena Ozizira

Vuto lofala kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito masensa a PIR poika zinthu zosungira panja kapena zozizira. PIR imafuna kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa thupi, komwe kumachepa panja (kuwala kwa dzuwa, nyengo) kapena poika zinthu zozizira (zotentha pansi pa 0°C). Zotsatira zake ndi kulephera kuzindikira kapena zoyambitsa zabodza. Kukonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito masensa a microwave poika zinthu zosungira panja ndi zozizira. Sensa ya Ningbo Yufan Beifan M-254 PIR + AIR ikulimbikitsidwa poika zinthu zosungira mkati mwa nyumba zokha; poika zinthu zakunja, pemphani njira ya sensa ya microwave.

Vuto Lachiwiri: Kuiwala Sensor Yotetezera Pakhomo

Okhazikitsa ena amasankha sensa yoyatsira yokha ndipo amaiwala sensa yoyatsira yomwe ili pakhomo. Sensa yoyatsira ndi yofunikira malinga ndi EN 16005 ndi ANSI BHMA A156.10. Kusowa kwa sensa yoyatsira kumabweretsa ngozi pomwe chitseko chingatseke munthu kapena chinthu. Chokonza ndichakuti atchule sensa yoyatsira (AIR) kuwonjezera pa sensa yoyatsira, ndikutsimikizira kuti sensa yoyatsira ikutsatira miyezo yakomweko.

Vuto Lachitatu: Kuzindikira Kochepa Kwambiri kwa Liwiro Lotsegulira Chitseko

Kuzindikira kwa sensa yoyambitsa magetsi kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kuti chitseko chitseguke munthu asanafike pakhomo. Pakutsegula chitseko mumasekondi awiri (nthawi zambiri pa chitseko chotsetsereka chokha), sensa yoyambitsa magetsi iyenera kuzindikira munthuyo mamita awiri asanafike pakhomo (poganiza kuti liwiro loyenda ndi 1 m/s). Chofunikira ndikukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira kwa magetsi kukhala mamita 2-3 pamakina okhazikika ndi mamita 3-5 pamakina okhazikika.

Vuto Lachinayi: Kunyalanyaza Magwero Oyambitsa Zolakwika

Ngakhale ndi ukadaulo woyenera wa masensa, zoyambitsa zabodza zimatha kuchitika kuchokera kuzinthu zakunja. Kwa masensa a microwave, magwero a zoyambitsa zabodza amaphatikizapo zinthu zosuntha kunja kwa malo ozindikira omwe akufuna (magalimoto, ngolo, mitengo yogwedezeka), ma venti a HVAC omwe amawomba m'dera lozindikira, komanso kugwedezeka kwa kapangidwe kake. Kwa masensa a PIR, magwero a zoyambitsa zabodza amaphatikizapo kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, ma venti otenthetsera, ndi kusintha kwa kutentha mwachangu. Chokonzekera ndikutsimikizira malo okhazikitsira magwero a zoyambitsa zabodza ndikusintha ngodya yozindikira sensor ndi kukhudzidwa kwake moyenerera.

Vuto 5: Kusakwanira kwa njira yolumikizira chingwe ndi kuletsa madzi kulowa

Pa malo osungira zinthu panja kapena ozizira, njira yolumikizira chingwe cha sensa ndi njira yotetezera madzi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Chingwecho chiyenera kuyesedwa malinga ndi kutentha kwa malo ozungulira (kusungirako kozizira: chingwe chovomerezeka -40°C), ndipo chingwecho chiyenera kutetezedwa kuti chisalowe chinyezi. Chofunikira ndikulongosola mlingo wa chingwe ndi njira yotetezera madzi pa malo oyika, ndikutsimikizira njira yolumikizira chingwe panthawi yoyika. Chingwe cha sensa cha Ningbo Yufan Beifan chili ndi -40 mpaka +80°C ndi zolumikizira zosalowa madzi za IP67.

Njira Yosankhira Sensor Yoyenda ndi Masitepe 6

Njira yosankhira ya masitepe 6 yomwe ili pansipa imagwira ntchito kwa okhazikitsa zitseko okha omwe amasankha ma microwave kapena ma infrared motion sensors. Gawo lililonse lili ndi mphamvu yoyezera yomwe imalowa mu gawo lotsatira.

1. Gawo 1: Dziwani malo okhazikitsa.Dziwani malo oikiramo (oyang'aniridwa ndi nyengo ya m'nyumba, panja, malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira, kapena mafakitale). Malo osungiramo zinthu amasankha ukadaulo woyambira wa masensa.
2. Gawo 2: Dziwani zofunikira pakuzindikira.Dziwani kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira (1-5 m), ngodya yodziwira (madigiri 30-120), ndi liwiro loyandikira (woyenda pansi, galimoto). Zofunikira zimatsimikiza tsatanetsatane wa sensa.
3. Gawo 3: Sankhani ukadaulo wa sensa.Sankhani ukadaulo wa sensa (ma microwave osungira panja ndi ozizira, PIR yowongolera nyengo yamkati, AIR yoteteza kuwala). Ukadaulowu umasankha mtundu wa sensa.
4. Gawo 4: Tsimikizirani kuti mukutsatira EN 16005 / ANSI BHMA A156.10.Onetsetsani kuti sensa yosankhidwayo ikukwaniritsa muyezo wachitetezo wakomweko, ndipo onjezani sensa yachitetezo (AIR) ngati pakufunika muyezo.
5. Gawo 5: Konzani njira zochepetsera zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.Konzani njira zochepetsera zinthu zabodza: ​​kutalika kwa malo oikira, kusintha ngodya yozindikira, kusintha kwa kukhudzidwa, sensa yoteteza chilengedwe panja.
6. Gawo 6: Tsimikizani kuyitanitsa ndi kuyesa.Tsimikizirani kuyitanitsa: mayeso oyenda, mayeso abodza oyambitsa, mayeso otsatira malamulo ndi muyezo wakomweko, kuphatikiza ndi wowongolera chitseko.

Masitepe 6wa amagwira ntchito pa kukhazikitsa zitseko zatsopano zokha komanso kukonzanso zitseko zomwe zilipo. Pa kukonzanso, gawo 1 limayamba ndi malo omwe alipo ndipo gawo 6 limatsimikizira sensa yatsopano. Pa kukhazikitsa kwatsopano, gawo 1 limayamba ndi zofunikira za mwini nyumbayo ndipo gawo 6 limayambitsa sensa yatsopano. Njirayi ndi yolimba pazochitika zonse ziwiri.

Kukwera kwa Sensor Kutalika, Ngodya, ndi Mawaya Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Malo oikira, ngodya, ndi mawaya a masensa oyenda ndi maikulowevu ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kodalirika kwa zitseko zokha. Mafotokozedwe achizolowezi a mitundu itatu ya masensa ndi awa:

• Kuyimika Denga la Microwave:Kutalika kwa 2.5-3 m, ngodya yozindikira ya madigiri 30-90 yosinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira antenna, kutalika kwa 1-5 m. Sensa nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pakati pa khomo lotseguka kapena kuyikidwa pang'ono kumbali yoyandikira. Njira yowunikira antenna ndi yofunika kwambiri: yolunjika kunjira yoyandikira (nthawi zambiri madigiri 15-30 kuchokera moyima) kuti ikwaniritse bwino malo ozindikira munjira yoyandikira.
• Kuyimika Khoma la PIR:Kutalika kwa 1.5-2 m, ngodya yozindikira madigiri 90-120 kudzera mu kusankha lenzi, kutalika kwa 2-4 m. Sensa nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pakhomo kapena pakhoma pafupi ndi khomo lotseguka. Kuyang'ana kwa lenzi ndikofunikira kwambiri: lenzi imayang'ana mbali yoyandikira ndi malo owunikira pa mtunda wamba woyenda (2-3 m) kuchokera ku sensa.
• Mtambo Woteteza Mpweya:Kutalika kwa 0.3-0.5 m pachitseko, mtanda umodzi kapena mipiringidzo yambiri, mtunda wa 0.5-2 m. Chotulutsira ndi cholandirira zimayikidwa mbali zosiyana za chitseko ndipo mtandawo umadutsa chitseko. Kutalika kwa mtanda ndikofunikira: 0.3-0.5 m pamwamba pa pansi kuti mudziwe phazi kapena bondo la munthu amene wayima pachitseko.

Ma specification a mawaya ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti masensa akhale odalirika. Mawaya odziwika bwino ndi cholumikizira cha ma pin 6 cha masensa ophatikizana (M-254 imagwiritsa ntchito ma pin 6), magetsi a 24V DC ochokera kwa woyendetsa chitseko, kutulutsa kwa ma signal (NO/NC contact) kupita kwa wowongolera chitseko. Kutalika kwa chingwe sikuyenera kupitirira 10 m kuti chizindikiro chisawonongeke. Pakuyika panja, chingwecho chiyenera kuyesedwa kuti chikhale ndi kutentha kozungulira komanso kutetezedwa ku nyengo (zolumikizira za IP67). Sensa ya Ningbo Yufan Beifan M-254 imagwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira cha ma pin 6 chokhala ndi IP67 rating ndi -40 mpaka +80°C rating, yoyenera malo ambiri oyika.

Kugwirizana ndi chowongolera choyendetsera chitseko kumafuna kusinthidwa kwa mtundu wa sensa yolowera (NO/NC), kuchedwa kwa kuyatsa (50-500 ms), ndi yankho la sensa yotetezeka (kubwerera m'mbuyo kapena kuyimitsa nthawi yomweyo). Ogwiritsa ntchito zitseko ambiri amakono (BF150, YF200, YFSW200) amathandizira kulumikizana kwa sensa yolunjika popanda kusinthidwa kwina. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zitseko akale, gawo lolumikizira sensa lingafunike kuti lisinthe chizindikiro cha sensa kukhala mtundu wolowera womwe wogwiritsa ntchito akuyembekezera.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri