Ndi Mitundu ndi Zochitika Ziti za Zitseko Zomwe Zingagwirizane ndi Woyendetsa Zitseko Zodzisinthira Zokha?

• Gwiritsani ntchito chogwirira cha swing pa zitseko zokhala ndi hinged ngati mukufuna automation popanda kusintha mawonekedwe a chitseko.
• Kukhazikitsa zitseko zagalasi zokha kumachitika kawirikawiri m'maofesi, m'zipatala, ndi m'zipinda zowonetsera, koma chitseko choyandikira, ma hinge, ndi makulidwe agalasi ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kaye.
• Kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, mphamvu yotsegulira, ndi kuphatikizana kwa njira zopezera zinthu kuyenera kuyambitsa kusankha osati mtengo wokha.
• Pa ntchito zokonzanso zinthu, kugwirizana ndi kukonza zinthu n'kofunika monga liwiro ndi mawonekedwe.

Wogwiritsa ntchito chitseko chozungulira chokha ndi yankho lothandiza kwakhomo lolowera ku ofesikukweza,galasi chitseko zokha, ndi kukonzanso njira yolowera chifukwa imasintha tsamba lomwe lili ndi hinge m'malo mosintha chitseko chonse; kapangidwe kopanda zotchinga, izi ndizofunikira chifukwa malo olowera omwe angapezeke ayenera kupewa mphamvu yotsegulira kwambiri ndikupereka m'lifupi lomveka bwino, pomwe zida za chitseko ziyenerabe kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwira ntchito ndi chitetezo monga mphamvu yayikulu yotsegulira ya 1.5 lbf ya zitseko zamkati zomwe zili ndi hinge mu malangizo a ADA scoping ndi 30 mu m'lifupi lomveka bwino m'njira zambiri zolowera pansi pa Miyezo ya ADA ya 2010 ya Kapangidwe Kopezeka. Pa makina opangidwa ndi akatswiri, kusinthasintha kwa miyeso nakonso ndikofunikira, ndichifukwa chake opanga ndi okhazikitsa nthawi zambiri amatchula ISO 230-1:2022 ya njira yoyezera makina m'malo olondola ndikugwiritsa ntchito kulekerera kwa zida zoyesedwa panthawi yoyambitsa. Kuti muwonetsetse momwe zinthu zilili, onaniwoyendetsa chitseko chogwedezeka chokha, woyendetsa chitseko chotsetsereka chokhandizowonjezera zitseko zokhakwa mabuloko akuluakulu a dongosolo omwe amakhudza momwe polojekiti ikuyendera.

Zoyambira za ogwiritsa ntchito zitseko zozungulira zokha: zomwe zimagwira ntchito komanso chifukwa chake zimagwirizana ndi zitseko zolowera zokonzanso

Njira yomveka bwino yodziwira woyendetsa chitseko chogwedezeka chokha ndi njira yotsegulira chitseko ndi kutseka chitseko pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yopangidwa ndi tsamba lopindika.

Mosiyana ndi injini yodziyimira payokha, woyendetsa nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza kuyendetsa, kuwongolera, ndi kulumikizana kotero kuti chitseko chitseguke, kugwira, ndikutseka ndi mayendedwe obwerezabwereza.

Njira yophatikizana iyi ndi chifukwa chake mainjiniya nthawi zambiri amakonda woyendetsa kuposa injini yopanda kanthu popereka ntchito.

Mwachidule, wogwiritsa ntchito amachepetsa mphamvu ya manja, amawongolera kuyenda kwa magalimoto, ndipo amapanga chitseko chokhazikika chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi antchito, alendo, odwala, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito operekera katundu omwe angakhale ndi vuto losayenda bwino kapena okhala ndi zida zambiri.

Mfundo yodziwika kwambiri si yoti chitseko chingakhale chodzichitira chokha, koma ngati mawonekedwe a hinge omwe alipo, kukula kwa tsamba, ndi kayendedwe ka ntchito zingathandize kuti chochitacho chizigwira ntchito mosamala komanso mwakachetechete.

Kwa eni nyumba ambiri, ubwino waukulu ndi kubwezeretsanso bwino.

Chogwirira ntchito chosinthira nthawi zambiri chimatha kuyikidwa pachitseko chagalasi chomwe chilipo kale kapena chitseko chokhala ndi fremu chomwe sichinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri kuposa chosinthira chosunthira, chomwe chimathandiza kusunga mawonekedwe a sitolo ndikuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake msika wolowera ku ofesi ndi malo olandirira alendo uli wotanganidwa kwambiri.

Ndi mitundu iti ya zitseko yoyenera kwambiri woyendetsa zitseko zodzisinthira zokha?

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya zitseko zodziyikira zokha ndi zitseko zokhala ndi ma hinge okhala ndi malo okhazikika okhazikika, malo otseguka odziwika bwino, komanso kukana kugwedezeka.

Izi zikuphatikizapo zitseko zambiri zolowera za tsamba limodzi ndi ziwiri, zitseko zogawa mkati, ndi zitseko zagalasi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maofesi, m'zipatala, komanso m'nyumba zamalonda.

Kapangidwe ka chitseko n'kofunika, koma chithandizo cha kapangidwe kake n'chofunika kwambiri.

Chitseko chokongola chagalasi chingakhalebe chosathandiza ngati chimango, chingwe cha hinge, kapena malo otseguka pansi sangathe kusuntha mobwerezabwereza.

Makina oyendetsera zitseko zagalasi amafunika chisamaliro chapadera chifukwa zinthuzo ndi zokongola koma zimakhudzidwa ndi makina.

Pa zitseko zagalasi zomwe zili ndi mafelemu, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kugwira ntchito ndi chitseko chomwe chilipo pafupi, kuzungulira, hinge, ndipo nthawi zina chotchingira cholowera.

Pa mapangidwe opanda chimango kapena opanda chimango, tsatanetsatane wa kukhazikitsa umakhala wofunikira kwambiri chifukwa malo osamutsira katundu amakhala otanganidwa.

Ngati chipolopolo kapena cholimbitsa cholakwika chagwiritsidwa ntchito, makinawo angayambe kuyenda bwino kenako n’kuyamba kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, kapena kutsekeka pambuyo pobwerezabwereza.

Ichi ndichifukwa chakewoyendetsa chitseko chagalasiMayankho nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa pamodzi ndi kapangidwe ka chitseko, osati pambuyo pake.

Kodi ndi liti pamene woyendetsa swing amakhala bwino kuposa makina otsekerera zitseko?

Chotsekera chitseko chodzichitira chokha chimakhala bwino kuposa chotsetsereka pamene khomo lolowera likugwiritsa ntchito tsamba lopindika, malo omwe ali mbali ya khoma ndi ochepa, kapena polojekitiyo ikufunika kukonzanso pang'ono.

Zitseko zotsetsereka nthawi zambiri zimakondedwa polowera m'malo ogulitsira ambiri, koma zimafuna malo ozungulira, chithandizo cha pamwamba, komanso mawonekedwe osiyana a potsegulira.

Makina osinthira nthawi zambiri amakhala chisankho chanzeru kwambiri ngati chitseko chili chopapatiza, kapangidwe kake kayenera kusasinthika, kapena kasitomala akufuna kukweza mwachangu khomo lolowera ku ofesi.

Mu mapulojekiti amalonda, chisankho ichi nthawi zambiri chimadalira momwe munthu amaonekera polowera m'malo mongoyang'ana zokongola zokha.

Kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito kumawonekeranso pakuwongolera magalimoto.

Dongosolo lotsetsereka nthawi zambiri limakhala yankho labwino kwambiri kwa anthu oyenda pansi ambiri, pomwe woyendetsa swing nthawi zambiri amakhala wokwanira kwa anthu ochepa omwe chitseko chiyenera kukhala chodziwika bwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Kwa nyumba za maofesi, kudziwika kumeneko kungathandize kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azilandira bwino chifukwa alendo amamvetsetsa momwe chitseko cholumikizidwa chimagwirira ntchito, ngakhale pambuyo poti chigwiritsidwe ntchito chokha.

Ndi zochitika ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusankha kwa woyendetsa chitseko chosinthira chokha kukhale koyenera?

Zochitika zoyenera ndi izi pomwe kupezeka mosavuta, chithunzi, ndi magalimoto olamulidwa ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ambiri.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake zipata zolowera ku ofesi, zipinda zachipatala, zitseko zam'mbali zamakampani, ndi zolowera zagalasi kutsogolo ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

M'malo awa, chitseko ndi gawo la zomwe makasitomala amakumana nazo, osati chopinga chokha.

Mwachitsanzo, malo olandirira alendo okhala ndi chitseko chagalasi chowongolera makina amatha kuoneka ngati akatswiri kwambiri, kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa ogwira ntchito, komanso kuthandiza alendo onyamula matumba, mafoda, kapena zothandizira kuyenda.

Mu zipatala ndi malo ochiritsira odwala, kuthekera kotsegula bwino komanso mosalekeza ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa liwiro losaphika.

Pamakhomo olowera m'masitolo, kudalirika komanso kutulutsidwa mwachangu kuti ogwira ntchito azitha kupeza zinthu kungakhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.

1. Kulowera mu ofesi: kumalimbitsa mawonekedwe, kuwongolera njira zolowera, komanso kusavuta kwa alendo.
2. Chipatala kapena chipinda chachipatala: chimagogomezera kutsegula bwino, khama lochepa, komanso kutseka kodalirika.
3. Chipinda chowonetsera kapena malo ogulitsira: chikuwonetsa makina odziyimira okha a zitseko zagalasi ndi chithunzi cha kampani.
4. Khonde lamkati: limathandiza kuti antchito azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti asagwiritse ntchito manja.
5. Njira yopanda zopinga: imathandizira kupeza njira zoyendera komanso kutsatira malamulo.

Malinga ndi US Access Board's 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design, m'lifupi mwa chitseko ndi malo olowera ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti magulu a polojekiti sayenera kuona woyendetsa ngati chowonjezera pa zokongoletsa.

M'malo mwake, ayenera kutsimikizira momwe makina odziyimira okha amakhudzira kukula kwa kutsegula komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, kutseguka kwa mbali ya latch, ndi njira yolowera isanayambe kuyikidwa.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri, miyezo ndi malangizo ovomerezeka akhoza kuunikidwanso pachitsogozo cha zitseko za US Access BoardndiMiyezo ya ADA ya 2010 ya Kapangidwe Kopezeka.

Momwe mungasankhire woyendetsa chitseko chosinthira chokha kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito polowera ku ofesi komanso pazitseko zagalasi zokha

Wogwiritsa ntchito woyenera amasankhidwa ndi katundu, mawonekedwe, nthawi yogwirira ntchito, ndi zofunikira zogwirizanitsa, osati ndi mutu wa katalogi yokha.

Zolakwika zambiri za polojekiti zimachitika chifukwa magulu amafananiza woyendetsa ndi chitseko m'malo moyesa momwe zinthu zilili.

Zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, phokoso lalikulu, kutsegula kosakwanira, kapena kuyitana mobwerezabwereza kwautumiki.

Njira yosankha mwanzeru nthawi zambiri imayamba ndi manambala anayi: kulemera kwa chitseko, m'lifupi mwa chitseko, kuchuluka kwa nthawi yoyendera, ndi malo omangira omwe alipo.

Kuchokera pamenepo, njira yowongolera ndi mndandanda wazowonjezera zitha kumalizidwa.

Pa ntchito zolowera m'maofesi, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuyenda chete, kodziwikiratu komanso kogwirizana ndi njira zolowera.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuphatikiza woyendetsa ndi choyezera kuyenda, chopukutira mbale, chowerengera khadi, kapena gawo lakutali kutengera mfundo zachitetezo.

Pa chitseko chagalasi chodzipangira chokha, wokhazikitsa ayeneranso kuyang'ana makulidwe agalasi, kulimbitsa chimango, ndi kuwonongeka kwa hinge asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito.

Ngati mfundo zimenezo zinyalanyazidwa, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akhoza kugwira ntchito mwaukadaulo koma osapereka ntchito yovomerezeka kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuti muwone bwino dongosolo, mainjiniya ambiri amawunikiransowoyendetsa chitseko chokhazosankha ndi zina zokhudzana nazodongosolo lowongolera zitsekozigawo kuti zigwirizane ndi mfundo yolowera kumapeto kwa mfundo.

Zizindikiro za magwiridwe antchito zomwe ndizofunikira pamapulojekiti ogwiritsa ntchito zitseko zodzisinthira zokha

Kugwira ntchito kuyenera kuyesedwa poganizira momwe zinthu zimachitikira mobwerezabwereza, osati kungoyang'ana ngati chitseko chikutseguka.

Pa khomo lolowera kumalonda, ogwiritsa ntchito amaona kuti mayendedwe ake ndi osalala, liwiro lotseguka, komanso kusinthasintha kwa nthawi yayitali asanazindikire kuchuluka kwa mphamvu.

M'malo olondola, makampani nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyezera za ISO kuti achepetse kusinthasintha kwa kukhazikitsa ndikutsimikizira kulumikizana, kutseguka, komanso kusasinthasintha kwa kayendedwe panthawi yoyambitsa.

Kumbali ya miyezo, ISO 21904-1:2020 si muyezo wa zitseko, koma ikuwonetsa momwe machitidwe amafakitale amadalira kwambiri kulamulira koyezedwa, pomwe ANSI/BHMA A156.19 ndiye muyezo wodziwika bwino wa zitseko zothandizira mphamvu ndi mphamvu zochepa ku North America, kuphatikiza zofunikira pakugwira ntchito ndi chitetezo pakuthamanga kotseguka ndi malire a mphamvu.

Muyezo umenewo ndi wofunikira chifukwa mapulojekiti ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito zitseko zodzisinthira okha ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kapena mphamvu zochepa.

Kwa mainjiniya omwe akufuna kufufuza bwino momwe zinthu zilili pa nkhani yokhudzana ndi kutsata malamulo a access-control, tsamba la miyezo lili paANSIndi dongosolo la muyezo wa malonda muBHMAndi malo oyambira othandiza.

Mwachidule, mapulojekiti omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndi omwe ali ndi kulinganiza bwino, kusankha bwino zowonjezera, komanso ndandanda yokonza kuyambira tsiku loyamba.

Izi ndi zoona makamaka pa zitseko zagalasi, komwe zolakwika zazing'ono zoyikira zimatha kukhala mavuto owoneka bwino.

Kuwongolera mwayi wopeza zinthu, chitetezo, ndi kukonza: zifukwa zobisika zomwe mapulojekiti amapambana kapena kulephera

Wogwiritsa ntchito ndi gawo limodzi lokha la dongosololi, ndipo kulephera kwakukulu kumabwera chifukwa cha mavuto ogwirizanitsa m'malo molephera kwa injini yokha.

Ngati chitseko chozungulira chalumikizidwa ku khadi lolowera, mabatani okanikiza, masensa, kapena zowongolera zakutali, mfundo ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino za nthawi yomwe chitseko chimatsegulidwa, nthawi yomwe chimakhala chotseguka, komanso momwe chimatsekekera chikadutsa.

Ndicho chifukwa chake kukonzekera makina owongolera zitseko kuyenera kuchitika ndi gulu la chitetezo, osati ndi wokhazikitsa yekha.

Mu nyumba zachipatala ndi maofesi, izi zimakhudzanso zachinsinsi komanso kulekanitsa magalimoto.

Mwachitsanzo, chitseko cholandirira alendo chingafunike kuyatsidwa kuti chiziyenda nthawi yantchito koma chingafunike kugwiritsa ntchito khadi yokha mukatha ntchito.

Kusamalira ndi chinthu china chobisika.

Malo olowera ozungulira kwambiri amafunika kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi pa zomangira, ma hinge, kuwonongeka kwa linkage, kulumikizana kwa sensa, ndi momwe zimatulutsira zinthu zina.

Pa ntchito yosintha,zitseko zodzipangira zokhaKupezeka kwa chipangizochi n'kofunika chifukwa mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwirizana kwa chipangizocho amatha kupititsa patsogolo nthawi yogwira ntchito kuposa vuto loyamba.

• Yang'anani ngati hinge ndi pansi pake zasokonekera komanso ngati pansi pake pakokedwa bwino musanaganize kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ali ndi vuto.
• Tsimikizirani kuti sensa ikuphimba kuti mupewe kuyambitsa zinthu zosokoneza kapena kulephera kuzindikira kuti muli ndi vuto.
• Tsimikizani njira yolumikizirana ndi access-control mukasintha firmware kapena waya.
• Sungani mabulaketi owonjezera, malamba, ndi zowonjezera zowongolera kuti mubwezeretsedwe mwachangu.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito yokonza kuyenera kuwonjezeka ngati khomo lolowera likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa kuwonongeka kumakhala kochulukira ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuoneka mpaka nthawi yoyamba kusokonezeka kwa ntchito.

Mu nyumba zamalonda, nthawi yobisika yopuma imatha kuwononga ndalama zambiri kuposa wogwiritsa ntchito mwiniwakeyo.

Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri posankha woyendetsa chitseko chosinthira chokha

Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndi kusankha malinga ndi mawonekedwe a chitseko m'malo mwa katundu weniweni wogwirira ntchito.

Cholakwika china chomwe chimachitika kawirikawiri ndi kunyalanyaza kusiyana pakati pa injini ya chitseko ndi cholumikizira chathunthu cha woyendetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale kulamulira kokwanira kapena kusalumikizana bwino.

Maguluwa amapeputsanso momwe chitseko chimagwirira ntchito, momwe chimagwirira ntchito, komanso momwe chimamangidwira magalasi.

Zosintha zimenezo zingapangitse wogwiritsa ntchito woyenera kumva wofooka m'munda.

1. Kusankha gulu lolakwika la chitseko pa pulogalamuyo.
2. Kudumpha muyeso wa kulemera, m'lifupi, ndi malo oimikapo.
3. Kuyang'ana kwambiri mawaya owongolera mwayi ndi njira yotetezeka yopezera mavuto.
4. Kuganiza kuti chitseko chagalasi chidzakhala ngati chitseko chachitsulo chokhala ndi fremu.
5. Kuchedwetsa kukonzekera kukonza mpaka ntchito itayamba.

Njira yolongosoka bwino imapewa mavuto ambiri awa.

Zimathandizanso kuti makontrakitala, eni ake, ndi magulu okonza zinthu azilankhula chilankhulo chimodzi panthawi yopereka ntchito.

Chilankhulo chofanana chimenecho n'chofunika kwambiri makamaka pantchito yolowera muofesi, komwe kasitomala angasamale kwambiri mawonekedwe ake pomwe woyikayo amayang'ana kwambiri pakugwirizana kwa zida ndi gulu lokonza zinthu ndipo gulu lokonza zinthu limayang'ana kwambiri pa kuthekera kogwira ntchito bwino.

Momwe mungasankhire mwachangu: mndandanda wothandiza wosankha

Njira yachangu kwambiri yodziwira ngati woyendetsa chitseko chodzisinthira chokha ndi woyenera ndi kuyesa polojekitiyo pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda waufupi.

Ngati mayankho ambiri ndi inde, dongosololi nthawi zambiri limakhala loyenera.

• Kodi khomo lolowera lili kale chitseko cholumikizidwa ndi mahinji?
• Kodi tsamba ndi chimango zingathandizire kuzungulira kobwerezabwereza kodziyimira pawokha?
• Kodi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto m'misewu ndi kocheperako osati kopitirira muyeso?
• Kodi mukufuna kukonzanso nyumba ndi kusintha kochepa kwa zomangamanga?
• Kodi chitsekocho chidzalumikizidwa ku chowongolera cholowera kapena njira yodziwira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito?
• Kodi makina odzipangira okha zitseko zagalasi ndi gawo la cholinga cha kapangidwe kake?
• Kodi njira yosungiramo zinthu ingasungidwe mutakhazikitsa?

Ngati yankho la zingapo mwa izi ndi ayi, njira yolowera yotsetsereka kapena njira ina yolowera ingakhale yabwinoko.

Sikuti woyendetsa swing walephera; zimangotanthauza kuti momwe amagwiritsira ntchito ndi osiyana.

Ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri wolowera ndi womwe umagwirizana ndi momwe anthu amayendera m'nyumbamo.

FAQ

Ndi mitundu iti ya zitseko yoyenera kwambiri kwa woyendetsa zitseko zodzisinthira zokha?

Zitseko zokhala ndi ma hinge a tsamba limodzi, zitseko zokhala ndi ma hinge a masamba awiri, ndi zitseko zambiri zagalasi zomwe zili ndi mafelemu ndizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa zimagwiritsa ntchito kale swing motion ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha kupangidwa zokha popanda kusintha kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe kake.

Kodi makina odzipangira okha zitseko zagalasi ndi otetezeka polowera ku ofesi?

Inde, ngati kapangidwe ka galasi, chithandizo cha hinge, zida zoyikira, ndi njira yowongolera mwayi zatsimikiziridwa musanayigwiritse ntchito, ndipo makinawo akonzedwa kuti akwaniritse malamulo oyenera achitetezo ndi mwayi wofikira pakhomo.

Kodi ndi liti pamene ndiyenera kusankha woyendetsa swing m'malo mwa woyendetsa sliding?

Sankhani woyendetsa swing chitseko chikadali cholumikizidwa kale, kusokonezeka kwa retrofit kuyenera kukhala kochepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumakhala kocheperako m'malo mokwera kwambiri.

Kodi chofunika kwambiri posankha woyendetsa chitseko chosinthira chokha ndi chiyani?

Kulemera kwa chitseko, m'lifupi mwa chitseko, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka njinga, momwe zimakhalira ndi hinge, malo oikirapo, komanso kuphatikiza kwa zowongolera ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri posankha.

Kodi woyendetsa chitseko chozungulira chokha angagwire ntchito ndi makina owongolera kulowa?

Inde, nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi owerenga makadi, mabatani okanikiza, masensa, zowongolera kutali, ndi zida zina zowongolera zitseko.

N’chifukwa chiyani mapulojekiti ena odzipangira okha zitseko zagalasi amalephera msanga?

Nthawi zambiri zimalephera chifukwa chakuti kuyika galasi, kulimbitsa, kukana kwapafupi, kapena kulinganiza kwa hinge sikunayang'anitsidwe bwino musanayike.

Kodi woyendetsa chitseko chozungulira chokha amafunikira kukonza kotani?

Kukonza kwachizolowezi kumaphatikizapo kuyang'ana zomangira, ma hinge, masensa, kuwonongeka kwa kulumikizana, kuwongolera, ndi kupezeka kwa magawo ena kuti achepetse nthawi yogwira ntchito ndikusunga kuyenda kosalala.